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light adaptation

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light adaptation 光適應。

光適應。 “light“ 中文翻譯：   vi. (lit 或 lighted) 1.〔古語〕下馬 ...“adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.適合，適應，順應 (to)。 2.改編(的作品 ...“adaptation to light“ 中文翻譯：   光適應“direct light adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   直接光適應“indirect light adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   間接光適應“light adaptation; photopia“ 中文翻譯：   光適應“light dark adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   亮暗適應; 明暗適應“adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.適合，適應，順應 (to)。 2.改編(的作品) (from)。 3.【生物學】適應性的改變；感官適應性調節。 4.同化。 the principle of adaptation to local conditions 因地制宜的原則。 “adaptation to“ 中文翻譯：   與…相識“active adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   活動性適應“adaptability; adaptation“ 中文翻譯：   適應性“adaptation accommodation“ 中文翻譯：   變通辦法“adaptation array“ 中文翻譯：   因陣“adaptation brightness“ 中文翻譯：   適應亮度“adaptation character“ 中文翻譯：   適應特性“adaptation coefficient“ 中文翻譯：   自適應系數“adaptation disease“ 中文翻譯：   環境適應癥侯群; 適應病“adaptation energy“ 中文翻譯：   適應能力“adaptation faculty“ 中文翻譯：   適應能力“adaptation form“ 中文翻譯：   適應形態“adaptation function“ 中文翻譯：   適配功能“adaptation fund“ 中文翻譯：   調適基金; 適應基金“adaptation illuminance“ 中文翻譯：   適應亮度“adaptation is the key“ 中文翻譯：   適應是關鍵10“adaptation kit“ 中文翻譯：   成套配件; 成套維護設備

light air

During light adaptat ion the arrangement of microvillus in the rhabdom was in disorder , and the diameter of rhabdom was reduced . at the same adaptation the area of the perirhabdomal vacuole was reduced and the number of the multi vesicular body was increased . besides that the d i str i but i on and the amount of the p i gment granule , the lamellar body were influenced by light adaptation 光適應時感桿束的微纖毛的平均直徑膨大，排列零亂，感桿束的平均直徑減小；膜下儲泡囊平均直徑減小；小網膜的細胞質中胞飲泡和小囊泡數量較多；多囊體的平均直徑減小，數量較少；板膜體較少，色素顆粒多，分布于細胞的各個層面。

We used four different wavelength light including red light ( 750nm ) , yellow light ( 580nm ) , green light ( 560nm ) , blue light ( 400nm ) to stimulate four different groups compound eyes . then the ultrastructures of the compound eyes of each group were observed under electron microscope . the results showed the fine structure of the photoreceptor , the diameter of rhabdom , the dimension of perirhabdom vacuole , the number of pinocytotic vesicle below the microsvilli , the location of pigment granules , the emergence of lamellar bodies and lysosomes in cytoplasm , were different in different light adaptation 二、不同光照條件下復眼超微結構的變化三疣梭子蟹經過12h暗適應后，在不同波長的紅光( 750nm ) ，黃光( 580nm ) ，綠光( 560nm ) ，藍光( 400nm )照射下，其光感受器的小網膜細胞和感桿束的形態和超微結構呈現較大的區別，感桿束的形態、細胞內的胞器隨不同波長光的適應而發生變化，在紅光下感桿束直徑最大，微絨毛排列整齊，在藍光下感桿束直徑最小，微絨毛最凌亂。

We observed the surface structure and inner structure of the compound eyes . and we also studied the change process of the ultrastructure of the compound eyes in different light adaptation . comparative studies on the structure differences of photoreceptor between portunus tritubereulatus and metapenaeusensis were also done 運用電子顯微鏡技術觀察了三疣梭子蟹( portunustritubereulatus )的光感受器的超微結構，對三疣梭子蟹復眼的外部形態、大小、內部超微結構，以及在不同光適應條件下的變化過程進行了研究；并且與刀額新對蝦( metapenaeusensis )光感受器的超微結構進行了比較。

三 、 effects of calcium concentration on subcellular localization of gq protein a subunit in the photoreceptor cell of macrobrachium rosenbergi on light adaptation and dark adaptation . effects of calcium concentration on subcellular localization of gq protein a subunit in the photoreceptor cell of macrobrachium rosenbergi on light adaptation and dark adaptation were studied using immunogold electronmicroscopy 三、鈣離子濃度對光暗適應羅氏沼蝦感光細胞gq蛋白q亞基亞細胞定位的影響采用免疫膠體金電鏡技術，研究光暗適應條件下不同鈣離子濃度對羅氏沼蝦感光細胞中gq蛋白。

In our experiment , after light and dark adaptation , the retina of the macrobrachium rosenbergi was respective incubated in high calcium solution , physiological solution and low calcium solution . we studied the effect of calcium concentration on the content and subcellular localization of gq protein a subunit in the photoreceptor cell of macrobrachium rosenbergi on light adaptation and dark adaptation by sds - page technology and imunoelectron microscopy technology . our study results indicated : 一 、 effects of calcium concentration on the soluble gq protein a subunit in the photoreceptor cell of macrobrachium rosenbergi on light adaptation and dark adaptation 而鈣離子對gq蛋白亞基活性有無影響還未見報道。我們以光適應和暗適應條件下的羅氏沼蝦復眼視網膜為材料，分別用高鈣溶液、生理溶液、低鈣溶液孵育后，通過sds ? page電泳技術及免疫膠體金電鏡技術，研究鈣離子濃度對光暗適應時羅氏沼蝦感光細胞gq蛋白亞基含量的影響及亞基亞細胞定位的影響。

二 、 effects of calcium concentration on the membrane - bound gq protein a subunit in the photoreceptor cell of macrobrachium rosenbergi on light adaptation and dark adaptation . the membrane - bound gq a was extracted from the retina of the macrobrachium rosenbergi with protein extract and was electophoresised by sds - page . the percent of the membrane - bound gq a was analyzed by tanon gis gel image disposal system 二、鈣離子濃度對光暗適應羅氏沼蝦感光細胞膜結合gq蛋白亞基的影響用蛋白質提取液提取膜結合gq蛋白亞基并sds - page電泳，利用tanongis凝膠圖像處理系統分析其含量。

In physiological solution and low calcium solution , the percent of the protein on dark adaptation was higher than that on light adaptation , but in low calcium solution , the percent of the protein on light and dark adaptation was no significantly different ; in high calcium solution , the percent of the protein on light adaptation was higher than that on dark adaptation 亞基的影響應組分別是4 . 56 % 、 4 . 94 % 、 5 . 13 % 。在生理溶液和低鈣溶液中，該蛋白含量暗適應組大于光適應組，但低鈣溶液的光適應組與暗適應組無顯著差異;在高鈣溶液中，光適應大于暗適應組， 。

After the incubation in three solutions , the membrane - bound gq a in 42kda was all extracted from photoreceptor cell . the percent of the membrane - bound gq a in photoreceptor cell in high calcium solution , physiological solution and low calcium solution was 4 . 63 % , 4 . 58 % , and 5 . 05 % respectively on light adaptation and was 4 . 56 % , 4 . 94 % and 5 . 13 % respectively on dark adaptation 高鈣溶液、生理溶液、低鈣溶液孵育后的感光細胞中膜結合gq蛋白亞基的含量，光適應組分別是4 . 63 、 4 . 58 、 5 . 05 ；暗適ca2 +濃度對光暗適應時羅氏沼蝦感光細胞中gq蛋白。

In physiological solution and low calcium solution , the percent of the protein on light adaptation was higher than that on dark adaptation , but in low calcium solution , the percent of the protein on light and dark adaptation was no significantly different ; in high calcium solution , the percent of the protein on dark adaptation was higher than that on light adaptation . this was probably relevant to feedback regulation 在生理溶液和低鈣溶液中，該蛋白含量光適應組大于暗適應組，但低鈣溶液的光適應組與暗適應組無顯著差異；在高鈣溶液中，暗適應組顯著大于光適應組，可能與鈣離子反饋調節作用有關。

We firstly testified that the manipulative light conditions could n ' t eliminate the circadian change of ultrastructures of compound eyes in m . nipponense . the compound eyes showed corresponding light adaptive features during the diurnal dark adaptation , and showed dark adaptive features to some extent during the nocturnal light adaptation 首次用實驗證實人工光照不能消除日本沼蝦復眼超微結構的晝夜節律性變化，即在白天的暗適應時仍表現出相應的明適應特征，而在晚間的明適應時則表現出一定程度的暗適應特征。

Our study results indicated : on light adaptation , the ratios of the density of the gold particles in the rhabdom to that in the cytoplasm in macrobrachium rosenbergi photoreceptor cell in high calcium solution , physiological solution and low calcium solution was 21 / 6 、 1 結果顯示:光適應組，在高鈣溶液、生理溶液和低鈣溶液中細胞質與感桿束中膠體金密度的比值是21 / 6 、 17 / 8和13 / 14 。

The influence of light adaptation on the ultrastructure of the photoreceptor in penaeus monodon fabriciu the form and the fine structure of compound eyes in penaeus monodon fabriciuwere studied by e lectron microscopy 另外，在無脊椎動物的光轉導過程中，經研究發現，鈣離子可能起著重要的作用， lisman和brown已經提出鈣離子是光適應時的胞內信使。

Part ii ultra - structure changes of the compound eyes of miers in different light adaptation . after 12 hours dark adaptation , photoreceptors of miers were stimulated with different wavelength light 雖然光感受器處于一個穩定的適應狀態，但是在一晝夜中光感受器有著自己的節律變化。

During the dark adaptation the result contrasted on that of light adaptation . the result showed that different light adaptation influent the ultrastructure of the photoreceptor 研究結果表明：在不同的光適應狀態下，斑節對蝦的光感受器的超微結構發生了變化，從而影響其生理功能。